HVOF制备MCrAlY涂层过程中WC杂质颗粒的演变遗传行为研究

在热喷涂工业生产过程中,喷涂制备不同材料体系的涂层之前需要对送粉路径(送粉罐、送粉盘、搅拌器、送粉管路、送粉针)进行清理,但由于送粉路径内部结构复杂且存在静电吸附效应,使得残留于喷涂系统的粉末无法被完全去除,通常以微量杂质颗粒的形式被带入新涂层,进而影响新涂层的性能。为此,本文研究了在单晶基材表面采用高速火焰(HVOF)喷涂制备MCrAlY涂层过程中,送粉路径残留的WC杂质颗粒(WC-10Co4Cr)在涂层及涂层与基材界面处的遗传演变行为,分别采用SEM、EDS分析了WC杂质在喷涂态、热处理态涂层中的微观组织和相组成。研究结果表明,WC杂质颗粒确实存在于MCrAlY涂层中,并在后期热处理及氧化试验中进一步分解而固溶于涂层中,甚至扩散至单晶基材内部引起含W碳化物的生成,影响涂层及单晶基材的显微组织,改变局部的成分均匀性。同时,本文还采用ThermoCalc软件进行了热力学计算模拟,辅助分析了WC分解及W与C元素在显微组织中的遗传特性。对于WC类粉末和MCrAlY粉末共用的HVOF喷涂设备,建议给MCrAlY粉末配备单独的送粉路径,以确保涂层的纯净度与质量。     

Densification and anticorrosion performances of vacuum evaporated aluminium coatings on NdFeB magnets

Al coated NdFeB magnets obtained by vacuum evaporation technique were densified by high energy ball milling method.The surface morphology,metal composition and micro structure of the coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,respectively.The anticorrosive properties were investigated by potentiodynamic polarization curves and neutral salt spray test.The pores in the Al coatings of columnar crystals(Al) induced by the evaporation technique,were apparently filled in the following ball milling process,leading to the densification of Al coatings and the evident improvement of the anticorrosive performances.When treated with ball milling for 30 min,the sample achieves the best anticorrosive performances with the self-corrosion potential of-0.87 V,self-corrosion current density of 1.65 μA/cm~2 and the neutral salt spray(NSS) time of 144 h(red rust).The improvement of the anticorro sive performances of vacuum evaporated Al coating mainly lies in the densification effect of the coating,which depends on different loading conditions of ball milling process.     

Effects of Sn doping on the manufacturing,performance and carbon deposition of Ni/ScSZ cells in solid oxide fuel cells

This work demonstrates the effect of tin (Sn) doping on the manufacturing, electrochemical performance, and carbon deposition in dry biogas-fuelled solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Sn doping via blending in technique alters the rheology of tape casting slurry and increases the Ni/ScSZ anode porosity. In contrast to the undoped Ni/ScSZ cells, where open-circuit voltage (OCV) drops in biogas, Sn–Ni/ScSZ SOFC OCV increases by 3%. The maximum power densities in biogas are 0.116, 0.211, 0.263, and 0.314 W/cm² for undoped Ni/ScSZ, undoped Ni/ScSZ with 3 wt% pore former, Sn–Ni/ScSZ and Sn–NiScSZ with 1 wt% pore former, respectively. Sn–Ni/ScSZ reduces the effect of the drop in the maximum power densities by 26%–36% with the fuel switch. A 1.28–2.24-fold higher amount of carbon is detected on the Sn–Ni/ScSZ samples despite the better electrochemical performance, which may reflect an enhanced methane decomposition reaction.     

Corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of (Ho,Nd)FeB magnets

(Ho,Nd)FeB magnets with different Ho contents were prepared by Ho substitution for part of Nd during the casting process. Effects of Ho contents on the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of (Ho,Nd)FeB magnets were analyzed by a highly accelerated aging tester, an electrochemical workstation, a microhardness tester, a bending tester, a scanning electron microscope and an X-ray diffractometer. Results show that the addition of Ho can change the main phase structure, optimize the distribution of rare-earth rich (RE-rich) phases in grain boundary, and improve the corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of NdFeB magnets. When the content of Ho increases from 0 to 21.0 wt%, the weight loss of magnets decreases from 2.672 to 0.933 mg/cm², and the microhardness and bending strength increase from 528.74 HV and 374.92 MPa to 633.84 HV and 459.80 MPa, respectively.     

粉末预处理对钨坩埚应用性能的影响

利用不同原料粉末制备钨坩埚样品,并于高温环境下进行应用模拟实验。结果表明,射流分级预处理有助于提升钨坩埚组织均匀性及整体性能;以费氏粒度3.0～3.5 μm的钨粉为原料,经射流分级、压制、烧结等工艺,可制得密度较高（18.770 g·cm?3）、维氏硬度较高（HV_0.3 372.15）的钨制品;将该钨坩埚置于高温环境下进行模拟应用验证,其密度及微观形貌较为稳定,变化较小。     

低压等离子喷涂耐高温涂层残余应力检测及分析

采用低压等离子工艺制备耐高温可磨耗涂层,通过光学显微镜观察了耐高温涂层的显微结构,采用逐层法与曲率法相结合的检测技术,对不同厚度涂层残余应力进行检测,形成了涂层厚度与残余应力分布及趋势图,运用热处理技术控制和消除涂层内部残余的涂层应力。结果表明,低压等离子喷涂的耐高温涂层表面残余应力随着涂层厚度的增加而增大,当涂层厚度达到0.6mm左右极限时,涂层会发生自然开裂,采用热处理的工艺方法可以减少涂层内的热应力导致的涂层残余应力。     

WC颗粒尺寸对超音速火焰喷涂WC–10Co4Cr涂层组织及力学性能的影响

采用超音速火焰喷涂技术(high velocity oxygen-fuel, HVOF)制备了纳米结构、亚微米结构及常规结构的WC-10Co4Cr涂层, 研究了沉积过程中颗粒尺寸对WC脱碳行为的作用, 分析了WC颗粒尺寸对复合涂层微观组织、硬度、断裂韧性及界面结合强度的影响。结果表明: 随着WC颗粒尺寸的增大, WC脱碳率和涂层孔隙率先增大后减小, 而涂层硬度和断裂韧性先减小后增大, 界面结合强逐渐降低。在100 g压痕载荷下, 亚微米和常规结构涂层硬度的Weibull分布呈双峰特征, 而在300 g压痕载荷下, 3种结构涂层硬度的Weibull分布均呈单峰特征, 这是3种结构涂层的WC脱碳程度、层间结合力和孔隙率综合作用结果。WC-10Co4Cr纳米结构涂层呈现出低脱碳率、高硬度、高界面结合强度和适中断裂韧性的优异综合性能。     

原位自生 (Cr,Fe)7C3/Fe3Al复合材料组织结构及物相组成的研究

本文通过真空雾化方法制备原位自生(Cr,Fe)_7C_3/Fe_3Al粉末,采用显微硬度,SEM,TEM,XRD等分析方法对制品的成分,表面形貌,物相组成,及硬度等进行初步分析。研究结果表明,(Cr,Fe)_7C_3/Fe_3Al粉末硬度较Fe3Al粉末有明显提高,同时急速冷却状态下,Fe_3Al粉末与(Cr,Fe)_7C_3/Fe_3Al粉末中基体相皆由DO_3型有序相Fe_3Al组成,Cr以固溶方式存在于基体中。(Cr,Fe)_7C_3以类珠光体团簇状均匀弥散分布在基体之中,碳化物保持Cr_7C_3点阵类型,Fe原子固溶在其中。     

旋锻组织对铈钨阴极点灯的影响

通过控制旋锻程度得到3组不同加工程度的铈钨阴极,分别通过金相显微镜和扫描电子显微镜来观察旋锻过程中晶粒和第二相的变化情况;对3组样品进行了点灯测试并观察了阴极烧损情况。结果表明,与一次、三次旋锻样品相比,二次旋锻样品性能良好,主要表现为晶粒较细,第二相颗粒趋于球形且分布均匀,阴极老练时间短,着火电压低且基本稳定无变化,200 000次点灯实验后烧损较轻。     

几种微量元素对铁基激光熔覆层组织与性能的影响

通过激光工艺制备铁基合金无裂纹熔覆层,探讨C、V+W几种微量元素含量变化对熔覆层物相组成、显微组织及其性能的影响。试验结果表明,微量元素对熔覆层组织影响不大,熔覆层组织均匀,均为细密枝晶组织;在一定范围内,熔覆层的硬度、腐蚀性能随着C含量的升高分别增加、降低;保持C0.1%含量不变,适当降低Ni元素、增加V+W元素,熔覆层硬度增加,但腐蚀性能降低。